Which response can occur when the respiratory system is exposed to foreign material?

When the respiratory system is exposed to foreign material, one of the body's primary defense mechanisms is to initiate coughing. Coughing is a reflex that serves to clear irritants, mucus, or foreign substances from the airways. This response is crucial for maintaining clear air passages and protecting the lungs from potential damage caused by inhaled particles or pathogens.

The coughing reflex is triggered by the stimulation of sensory receptors in the airways, which detect the presence of irritants. Upon activation, these receptors send signals to the brain, which stimulates the muscles involved in coughing. This process helps to expel the foreign material and protects against infection and respiratory complications.

This physiological reaction is a vital part of the respiratory system’s ability to respond to challenges and maintain homeostasis. Other responses related to the heart rate, blood pressure, or appetite are not directly involved in the immediate protective measures against respiratory exposure to foreign materials.