What two active hormones are produced by the thyroid gland?

The thyroid gland is primarily responsible for producing hormones that regulate various metabolic processes in the body. The two key hormones produced by the thyroid gland are triiodothyronine (T3) and tetraiodothyronine (T4), also known as thyroxine.

T3 and T4 play crucial roles in regulating metabolism, growth and development, and body temperature. T3 is the more active form of the hormone, while T4 serves as a prohormone, which gets converted into T3 in the tissues. The production and release of these hormones are primarily regulated by the hypothalamus and pituitary gland through a feedback mechanism involving thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).

In contrast, the other options listed refer to hormones produced by different glands or serve entirely different functions in the body. Testosterone and estrogen are hormones associated with the reproductive system and are produced by the gonads, primarily the ovaries and testes. Calcitonin is also produced by the thyroid gland but is not one of the primary hormones that regulate metabolism and is not paired with a second hormone from the thyroid. Prolactin is produced by the pituitary gland and is involved in lactation. Insulin and glucagon are hormones produced by the