How are parenteral drugs administered?

Parenteral drugs are administered by injections, which is the primary characteristic that distinguishes this route of administration from others. The term "parenteral" specifically refers to any route of drug administration that does not involve the digestive tract, encompassing methods such as intravenous, intramuscular, and subcutaneous injections. This approach allows for rapid absorption of the medication into the bloodstream, resulting in immediate therapeutic effects, which is particularly important in emergency situations or when a patient is unable to take medications orally.

Oral administration involves delivering drugs through the mouth, which is not classified as parenteral because it involves the gastrointestinal system. Topical administration applies medications directly to the skin or mucous membranes, which also does not fall under parenteral methods. Inhalation involves delivering drugs through the respiratory system, typically used for medications targeting lung conditions, and is distinct from the injection methods used in parenteral drug administration.