Epinephrine is contraindicated in which type of glaucoma?

Epinephrine is contraindicated in closed-angle glaucoma because this condition involves a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. Closed-angle glaucoma occurs when the drainage angle of the eye becomes blocked, leading to a rapid buildup of fluid. The administration of epinephrine, which promotes pupil dilation (mydriasis), can exacerbate this blockage by further narrowing the already compromised angle, potentially causing severe pain and significantly increasing intraocular pressure. This escalation of pressure can result in permanent vision loss or damage to the optic nerve if not addressed immediately.

In contrast, other types of glaucoma, such as open-angle glaucoma or secondary glaucoma, do not have the same mechanical restrictions in the drainage angle and may not react adversely to epinephrine in the same way. Hence, using epinephrine in these conditions does not pose the same risk as it does in closed-angle glaucoma, making it crucial to avoid its use in that specific scenario.