Atropine is contraindicated in _____ and _____.

Atropine is an anticholinergic medication that can increase intraocular pressure, which is particularly problematic for individuals with glaucoma. In this condition, the pressure in the eye is already elevated, and giving atropine can exacerbate the issue and potentially lead to vision loss.

Additionally, atropine can decrease tear production, which is a significant concern for patients with keratoconjunctivitis sicca, commonly known as dry eye syndrome. This condition results in insufficient tear production, leading to discomfort and potential damage to the surface of the eye. Since atropine can worsen this situation by further reducing tear secretion, its use in such patients is contraindicated.

These considerations highlight the importance of understanding the specific conditions that can be adversely affected by the pharmacological actions of atropine, ensuring patient safety and effective treatment outcomes.